transactions

blockchain/block.go

@@ -2,19 +2,32 @@ package blockchain
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/gob"
 	"log"
 )
 
 type Block struct {
-	Hash     []byte
-	Data     []byte
-	PrevHash []byte
-	Nonce    int
+	Hash         []byte
+	Transactions []*Transaction
+	PrevHash     []byte
+	Nonce        int
 }
 
-func CreateBlock(data string, prevHash []byte) *Block {
-	block := &Block{[]byte{}, []byte(data), prevHash, 0}
+func (b *Block) HashTransactions() []byte {
+	var txHashes [][]byte
+	var txHash [32]byte
+
+	for _, tx := range b.Transactions {
+		txHashes = append(txHashes, tx.ID)
+	}
+	txHash = sha256.Sum256(bytes.Join(txHashes, []byte{}))
+
+	return txHash[:]
+}
+
+func CreateBlock(txs []*Transaction, prevHash []byte) *Block {
+	block := &Block{[]byte{}, txs, prevHash, 0}
 	pow := NewProof(block)
 	nonce, hash := pow.Run()
 
@@ -24,8 +37,8 @@ func CreateBlock(data string, prevHash []byte) *Block {
 	return block
 }
 
-func Genesis() *Block {
-	return CreateBlock("Genesis", []byte{})
+func Genesis(coinbase *Transaction) *Block {
+	return CreateBlock([]*Transaction{coinbase}, []byte{})
 }
 
 func (b *Block) Serialize() []byte {

blockchain/blockchain.go

@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
 package blockchain
 
 import (
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
 
 	"github.com/dgraph-io/badger"
 )
 
 const (
-	dbPath = "./tmp/blocks"
+	dbPath      = "./tmp/blocks"
+	dbFile      = "./tmp/blocks/MANIFEST"
+	genesisData = "First Transaction from Genesis"
 )
 
 type BlockChain struct {
@@ -20,7 +25,20 @@ type BlockChainIterator struct {
 	Database    *badger.DB
 }
 
-func InitBlockChain() *BlockChain {
+func DBexists() bool {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(dbFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func ContinueBlockChain(address string) *BlockChain {
+	if !DBexists() {
+		fmt.Println("No existing blockchain found, create one!")
+		runtime.Goexit()
+	}
+
 	var lastHash []byte
 
 	opts := badger.DefaultOptions(dbPath)
@@ -29,23 +47,43 @@ func InitBlockChain() *BlockChain {
 	Handle(err)
 
 	err = db.Update(func(txn *badger.Txn) error {
-		if _, err := txn.Get([]byte("lh")); err == badger.ErrKeyNotFound {
-			fmt.Println("No existing blockchain found")
-			genesis := Genesis()
-			fmt.Println("Genesis proved")
-			err = txn.Set(genesis.Hash, genesis.Serialize())
-			Handle(err)
-			err = txn.Set([]byte("lh"), genesis.Hash)
+		item, err := txn.Get([]byte("lh"))
+		Handle(err)
+		lastHash, err = item.ValueCopy(nil)
 
-			lastHash = genesis.Hash
+		return err
+	})
+	Handle(err)
 
-			return err
-		} else {
-			item, err := txn.Get([]byte("lh"))
-			Handle(err)
-			lastHash, err = item.ValueCopy(nil)
-			return err
-		}
+	chain := BlockChain{lastHash, db}
+
+	return &chain
+}
+
+func InitBlockChain(address string) *BlockChain {
+	var lastHash []byte
+
+	if DBexists() {
+		fmt.Println("Blockchain already exists")
+		runtime.Goexit()
+	}
+
+	opts := badger.DefaultOptions(dbPath)
+	opts.Logger = nil
+	db, err := badger.Open(opts)
+	Handle(err)
+
+	err = db.Update(func(txn *badger.Txn) error {
+		cbtx := CoinbaseTx(address, genesisData)
+		genesis := Genesis(cbtx)
+		fmt.Println("Genesis created")
+		err = txn.Set(genesis.Hash, genesis.Serialize())
+		Handle(err)
+		err = txn.Set([]byte("lh"), genesis.Hash)
+
+		lastHash = genesis.Hash
+
+		return err
 	})
 
 	Handle(err)
@@ -54,7 +92,7 @@ func InitBlockChain() *BlockChain {
 	return &blockchain
 }
 
-func (chain *BlockChain) AddBlock(data string) {
+func (chain *BlockChain) AddBlock(transactions []*Transaction) {
 	var lastHash []byte
 
 	err := chain.Database.View(func(txn *badger.Txn) error {
@@ -66,7 +104,7 @@ func (chain *BlockChain) AddBlock(data string) {
 	})
 	Handle(err)
 
-	newBlock := CreateBlock(data, lastHash)
+	newBlock := CreateBlock(transactions, lastHash)
 
 	err = chain.Database.Update(func(txn *badger.Txn) error {
 		err := txn.Set(newBlock.Hash, newBlock.Serialize())
@@ -103,3 +141,80 @@ func (iter *BlockChainIterator) Next() *Block {
 
 	return block
 }
+
+func (chain *BlockChain) FindUnspentTransactions(address string) []Transaction {
+	var unspentTxs []Transaction
+
+	spentTXOs := make(map[string][]int)
+
+	iter := chain.Iterator()
+
+	for {
+		block := iter.Next()
+
+		for _, tx := range block.Transactions {
+			txID := hex.EncodeToString(tx.ID)
+
+		Outputs:
+			for outIdx, out := range tx.Outputs {
+				if spentTXOs[txID] != nil {
+					for _, spentOut := range spentTXOs[txID] {
+						if spentOut == outIdx {
+							continue Outputs
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				if out.CanBeUnlocked(address) {
+					unspentTxs = append(unspentTxs, *tx)
+				}
+			}
+			if !tx.IsCoinbase() {
+				for _, in := range tx.Inputs {
+					if in.CanUnlock(address) {
+						inTxID := hex.EncodeToString(in.ID)
+						spentTXOs[inTxID] = append(spentTXOs[inTxID], in.Out)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(block.PrevHash) == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return unspentTxs
+}
+
+func (chain *BlockChain) FindUTXO(address string) []TxOutput {
+	var UTXOs []TxOutput
+	unspentTransactions := chain.FindUnspentTransactions(address)
+
+	for _, tx := range unspentTransactions {
+		UTXOs = append(UTXOs, tx.Outputs...)
+	}
+	return UTXOs
+}
+
+func (chain *BlockChain) FindSpendableOutputs(address string, amount int) (int, map[string][]int) {
+	unspentOuts := make(map[string][]int)
+	unspentTxs := chain.FindUnspentTransactions(address)
+	accumulated := 0
+
+Work:
+	for _, tx := range unspentTxs {
+		txID := hex.EncodeToString(tx.ID)
+
+		for outIdx, out := range tx.Outputs {
+			if out.CanBeUnlocked(address) && accumulated < amount {
+				accumulated += out.Value
+				unspentOuts[txID] = append(unspentOuts[txID], outIdx)
+
+				if accumulated >= amount {
+					break Work
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return accumulated, unspentOuts
+}

blockchain/proof.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (pow *ProofOfWork) InitData(nonce int) []byte {
 	data := bytes.Join(
 		[][]byte{
 			pow.Block.PrevHash,
-			pow.Block.Data,
+			pow.Block.HashTransactions(),
 			ToHex(int64(nonce)),
 			ToHex(int64(Difficulty)),
 		},

blockchain/transaction.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package blockchain
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/gob"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+)
+
+type Transaction struct {
+	ID      []byte
+	Inputs  []TxInput
+	Outputs []TxOutput
+}
+
+type TxOutput struct {
+	Value  int
+	PubKey string
+}
+
+type TxInput struct {
+	ID  []byte
+	Out int
+	Sig string
+}
+
+func (tx *Transaction) SetID() {
+	var encoded bytes.Buffer
+	var hash [32]byte
+
+	encode := gob.NewEncoder(&encoded)
+	err := encode.Encode(tx)
+	Handle(err)
+
+	hash = sha256.Sum256(encoded.Bytes())
+	tx.ID = hash[:]
+}
+
+func CoinbaseTx(to, data string) *Transaction {
+	if data == "" {
+		data = fmt.Sprintf("COints to %s", to)
+	}
+
+	txin := TxInput{[]byte{}, -1, data}
+	txout := TxOutput{100, to}
+
+	tx := Transaction{nil, []TxInput{txin}, []TxOutput{txout}}
+	tx.SetID()
+
+	return &tx
+}
+
+func NewTransaction(from, to string, amount int, chain *BlockChain) *Transaction {
+	var inputs []TxInput
+	var outputs []TxOutput
+
+	acc, validOutputs := chain.FindSpendableOutputs(from, amount)
+
+	if acc < amount {
+		log.Panic("Error: not enough funds")
+	}
+
+	for txid, outs := range validOutputs {
+		txID, err := hex.DecodeString(txid)
+		Handle(err)
+
+		for _, out := range outs {
+			input := TxInput{txID, out, from}
+			inputs = append(inputs, input)
+		}
+	}
+
+	outputs = append(outputs, TxOutput{amount, to})
+
+	if acc > amount {
+		outputs = append(outputs, TxOutput{acc - amount, from})
+	}
+
+	tx := Transaction{nil, inputs, outputs}
+	tx.SetID()
+
+	return &tx
+}
+
+func (tx *Transaction) IsCoinbase() bool {
+	return len(tx.Inputs) == 1 && len(tx.Inputs[0].ID) == 0 && tx.Inputs[0].Out == -1
+}
+
+func (in *TxInput) CanUnlock(data string) bool {
+	return in.Sig == data
+}
+
+func (out *TxOutput) CanBeUnlocked(data string) bool {
+	return out.PubKey == data
+}

main.go

@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/SowinskiBraeden/golang-blockchain/blockchain"
 )
 
-type CommandLine struct {
-	blockchain *blockchain.BlockChain
-}
+type CommandLine struct{}
 
 func (cli *CommandLine) printUsage() {
 	fmt.Println("Usage:")
-	fmt.Println(" add -block BLOCK_DATA - add a block to the chain")
-	fmt.Println(" print - Prints the blocks in the chain")
+	fmt.Println(" getbalance -address ADDRESS - get the balance for an address")
+	fmt.Println(" createblockchain -address ADDRESS create a blockchain")
+	fmt.Println(" printchain - Prints the blocks in the chain")
+	fmt.Println(" send -from FROM -to TO -amount AMOUNT - Send amount to an address")
 }
 
 func (cli *CommandLine) validateArgs() {
@@ -27,54 +27,15 @@ func (cli *CommandLine) validateArgs() {
 	}
 }
 
-func (cli *CommandLine) addBlock(data string) {
-	cli.blockchain.AddBlock(data)
-	fmt.Println("Added Block!")
-}
-
-func (cli *CommandLine) run() {
-	cli.validateArgs()
-
-	addBlockCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("add", flag.ExitOnError)
-	printChainCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("print", flag.ExitOnError)
-	addBlockData := addBlockCmd.String("block", "", "Block data")
-
-	switch os.Args[1] {
-	case "add":
-		err := addBlockCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
-		blockchain.Handle(err)
-
-	case "print":
-		err := printChainCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
-		blockchain.Handle(err)
-
-	default:
-		cli.printUsage()
-		runtime.Goexit()
-	}
-
-	if addBlockCmd.Parsed() {
-		if *addBlockData == "" {
-			addBlockCmd.Usage()
-			runtime.Goexit()
-		}
-
-		cli.addBlock(*addBlockData)
-	}
-
-	if printChainCmd.Parsed() {
-		cli.printChain()
-	}
-}
-
 func (cli *CommandLine) printChain() {
-	iter := cli.blockchain.Iterator()
+	chain := blockchain.ContinueBlockChain("")
+	defer chain.Database.Close()
+	iter := chain.Iterator()
 
 	for {
 		block := iter.Next()
 
 		fmt.Printf("Prev. Hash: %x\n", block.PrevHash)
-		fmt.Printf("Data: %s\n", block.Data)
 		fmt.Printf("Hash: %x\n", block.Hash)
 		pow := blockchain.NewProof(block)
 		fmt.Printf("PoW: %s\n", strconv.FormatBool(pow.Validate()))
@@ -86,11 +47,102 @@ func (cli *CommandLine) printChain() {
 	}
 }
 
-func main() {
-	defer os.Exit(0)
-	chain := blockchain.InitBlockChain()
+func (cli *CommandLine) createBlockChain(address string) {
+	chain := blockchain.InitBlockChain(address)
+	chain.Database.Close()
+	fmt.Println("Finished!")
+}
+
+func (cli *CommandLine) getBalance(address string) {
+	chain := blockchain.ContinueBlockChain(address)
 	defer chain.Database.Close()
 
-	cli := CommandLine{chain}
+	balance := 0
+	UTXOs := chain.FindUTXO(address)
+
+	for _, out := range UTXOs {
+		balance += out.Value
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Balance of %s: %d\n", address, balance)
+}
+
+func (cli *CommandLine) send(from, to string, amount int) {
+	chain := blockchain.ContinueBlockChain(from)
+	defer chain.Database.Close()
+
+	tx := blockchain.NewTransaction(from, to, amount, chain)
+	chain.AddBlock([]*blockchain.Transaction{tx})
+	fmt.Println("Success!")
+}
+
+func (cli *CommandLine) run() {
+	cli.validateArgs()
+
+	getBalanceCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("getbalance", flag.ExitOnError)
+	createBlockchainCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("createblockchain", flag.ExitOnError)
+	sendCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("send", flag.ExitOnError)
+	printChainCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("printchain", flag.ExitOnError)
+
+	getBalanceAddress := getBalanceCmd.String("address", "", "The address to get balance of")
+	createBlockchainAddress := createBlockchainCmd.String("address", "", "The address to create a blockchain for")
+	sendFrom := sendCmd.String("from", "", "Source wallet address")
+	sendTo := sendCmd.String("to", "", "Destination wallet address")
+	sendAmount := sendCmd.Int("amount", 0, "Amount to send")
+
+	switch os.Args[1] {
+	case "getbalance":
+		err := getBalanceCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
+		blockchain.Handle(err)
+
+	case "createblockchain":
+		err := createBlockchainCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
+		blockchain.Handle(err)
+
+	case "printchain":
+		err := printChainCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
+		blockchain.Handle(err)
+
+	case "send":
+		err := sendCmd.Parse(os.Args[4:])
+		blockchain.Handle(err)
+
+	default:
+		cli.printUsage()
+		runtime.Goexit()
+	}
+
+	if getBalanceCmd.Parsed() {
+		if *getBalanceAddress == "" {
+			getBalanceCmd.Usage()
+			runtime.Goexit()
+		}
+		cli.getBalance(*getBalanceAddress)
+	}
+
+	if createBlockchainCmd.Parsed() {
+		if *createBlockchainAddress == "" {
+			createBlockchainCmd.Usage()
+			runtime.Goexit()
+		}
+		cli.createBlockChain(*createBlockchainAddress)
+	}
+
+	if printChainCmd.Parsed() {
+		cli.printChain()
+	}
+
+	if sendCmd.Parsed() {
+		if *sendFrom == "" || *sendTo == "" || *sendAmount == 0 {
+			sendCmd.Usage()
+			runtime.Goexit()
+		}
+		cli.send(*sendFrom, *sendTo, *sendAmount)
+	}
+}
+
+func main() {
+	defer os.Exit(0)
+	cli := CommandLine{}
 	cli.run()
 }